London is the capital of UK, the most populous region and where royal family lives. It has the largest concentration of higher education in Europe with 412 thousand students at 43 universities.

Focused on the practices and planning of manufacturing, manufacturing engineering classes can cover the study of manufacturing processes and procedures. This area of study is often focused on the research and development of both processes and equipment to ensure facility efficiency.

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom and Britain, is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. The two most famous (and oldest) universities are Oxford and Cambridge (often referred to as Oxbridge by many Britons). England also has several other world-class institutions, including several in London (notably Imperial College, the London School of Economics, University College London and King's College London, all are part of London University).

Requirements for the PhD program often involve the student having already obtained a Master’s degree. Additionally, a thesis or dissertation primarily consisting of original academic research must be submitted. In some countries, this work may even need to be defended in front of a panel.