The study of materials, objects and biological structures of extremely small size is known as nanoscience. The chemical and electrical processes used in nanomanufacturing are often investigated during these programs with an aim toward extending the boundaries of engineering and medical sciences.

Czech Republic has a well-established and research based university education. This has made learning ini Prague one of the respected curriculum's in Europe since it cultivates the spirit of creativity and innovation among students.

Requirements for the PhD program often involve the student having already obtained a Master’s degree. Additionally, a thesis or dissertation primarily consisting of original academic research must be submitted. In some countries, this work may even need to be defended in front of a panel.