The study of operating systems can cover multiple aspects of computer networking and systems analysis. Curriculums may begin with core classes to teach foundational concepts and later branch out into tracks that are more specialized. Students might pursue focus areas such as software production, local networking or network security.

Requirements for the PhD program often involve the student having already obtained a Master’s degree. Additionally, a thesis or dissertation primarily consisting of original academic research must be submitted. In some countries, this work may even need to be defended in front of a panel.