A student hoping to work in a field where keeping people safe is the main objective may benefit from taking classes in security. These programs teach students how to react in emergency situations, and they help to sharpen their reactions to a crisis.

Requirements for the PhD program often involve the student having already obtained a Master’s degree. Additionally, a thesis or dissertation primarily consisting of original academic research must be submitted. In some countries, this work may even need to be defended in front of a panel.