4 PhD Programs in Lucca, Italy 2023

Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a unitary parliamentary republic within the European Union, located in Southern Europe. To the north, it borders France, Switzerland, Austria, and Slovenia along the Alps.

The PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) is a doctoral or post-graduate degree. PhD holders are not necessarily philosophers (unless they earned their degree in philosophy), and PhD recipients are able to engage in thought experiments, reason about problems, and solve problems in sophisticated ways. To receive a PhD a student must demonstrate original research in their chosen field of study, produce a dissertation on that research, and defend their dissertation in front of other experts.