The finite availability of fossil fuels and environmental pressures drives students in the field of renewable energy to discover and implement new technologies to harness the power of the wind, sun, and water, as well as geothermal and bioenergy options.

Requirements for the PhD program often involve the student having already obtained a Master’s degree. Additionally, a thesis or dissertation primarily consisting of original academic research must be submitted. In some countries, this work may even need to be defended in front of a panel.